Sea Can Hydroponics Project - 719 Words

The University of Manitoba Efficient and Renewable Technology Hub (UMEARTH) is applying for $200 to be used to cover costs for our Sea Can Hydroponics project. UMEARTH was recognized as a technical society in 2015. Our goal is to bridge the gap between engineering students and the sustainable technology industry. Our past initiatives have included a speaker series, a wine and cheese event, and several projects carried out in conjunction with the Physical Plant. UMEARTH understands that there is a growing need for fresh food in northern communities in Canada. In developing and producing a hydroponic farming system within a shipping container, we are aiding access to certain limited foods. With the system being in a sea can,†¦show more content†¦It provides them an opportunity to implement what they have learned in class towards hands-on involvement and research. Within the project, there are teams dedicated to completing our design’s electrical, mechanical, structural and grow system aspects. Students are given an opportunity to work together simultaneously through the effort of promoting and fundraising for the student group. Involved students have commitment into completing this project, with a group of over a dozen people regularly attending a weekly meeting. We discuss all elements related to the project including, but not limited to, research, implementing designs, trials, budgets and fundraising. This project is expected to take two years to complete, so there is opportunity for more than one year of engineering students to be able to take part in the design-build of this project. We have three generous mentors assisting us on this project. Danny Mann, P.Eng. is a team advisor and is the Department Head of Biosystems Engineering on campus. Derek Neufeld is another of our advisors. He is a graduate of the University of Manitoba and works in the renewable energy sector. Derek is able to provide relevant information from a business aspect as he runs his own company called Dragon Engineering. Lastly, Reza Fazel-Darbandi is a graduated engineer specializing in hydroponics, having his ownShow MoreRelatedThe World Of The New Country977 Words   |  4 Pageslow in the sea. These were designed to break the large waves coming towards the sea. Oceania: The Atlantis Project Appropriately named Oceania, this new country is expected to be built off the coast of Panama, 50 miles due east. Oceania will utilize ocean pontoon floating technology, similar to that used by the Saigon Floating Hotel, off the coast of Saigon, Vietnam, which was designed by Sten Sjostrand. This country will be devoted to the value of freedom, and will first exist as a sea city in theRead MoreA Study of Climate Change Adaptation Practices and Their Implementations1670 Words   |  7 Pagesoccurrences, they need to be repeated periodically for maximum effect in adapting to climate change. The UNFCCC declared that planned adaptation can be achieved through a series of iterative steps and illustrated a diagram for the same- Table 2: An iterative flowchart for deciding on the process of adaptation (UNFCCC, 2006) Based on the flowchart above we can narrow down and classify adaptation techniques on the basis of area of impact such as: †¢ Agriculture †¢ Coastal zones †¢ Water resources †¢ PublicRead MoreAn Introduction to Hydrophonics and Controlled Environment Agriculture40110 Words   |  161 PagesIntroduction to Hydroponics and Controlled Environment Agriculture by Patricia A. Rorabaugh, Ph.D. University of Arizona Controlled Environment Agriculture Center 1951 E. Roger Road Tucson, AZ 85719 Revised December, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1: Controlled Environment Agriculture and Hydroponics: Past, Present and Future The Plant How to grow greenhouse crops Plant Protection: Insects and Diseases Basic Principals of Hydroponics Transplant Production Pollination, Fertilization and BeeRead MoreInvestigatory Project3204 Words   |  13 Pages031. The effect of nicotine, air, yeast on mold growth   [Exp] 041. Factors affecting the strength of hair [Exp] 042. Factors affecting the growth of bacteria [Exp] 043. Factors affecting the growth of molds or yeast [Exp] 051. Experiment with Hydroponics  (Use seedlings started from seed with three types of soil and different rates of fertilizer) [Exp] 071. The effectiveness of Antiseptics and soaps on household bacteria   [Exp] 091. Comparing types of artificial light on plant growth [Exp]   101Read MoreJames Finlays Attachment8695 Words   |  35 Pagesland, which was acquired from British East Disabled Co-operative, which had made unsuccessful attempt to grow flax commercially. Kericho some 300 kilometers west of Nairobi, is ideally situated for growing tea, Its situated in the equator 2167m above sea level and enjoys favorable rainfall pattern influenced by proximity to lake Victoria . The soil is reach with very high organic content. The company land is a contiguous unit extending some 10972 ha in Kericho and Bureti Districts. AHP is a multinationalRead MoreWe Must Obey Our Elders17194 Words   |  69 PagesFirstborn among many Spiritual Brothers,† in Order to make it Perfectly Clear and Easy to Understand, except that 99% of the People would not Understand what it Means by Spiritually. Indeed, the Holy Bible is often very Unclear; but the Ideas and Doctrines can be Understood by Means of some Study, including this Subject about Obeying our Elders. Therefore, let us Look to the Bible for some Good Examples. Cain Murdered Abel for Gain, Envy, Jealousy, Greed, Lust, or who knows what, since the Bible does notRead MoreAn Evaluation of an on-Farm Food Safety Program for Ontario Greenhouse Vegetable Producers; a Global Blueprint for Fruit and Vegetable Producers51659 Words   |  207 Pagesidentified included: perceived costs of participation, the priority of food safety management; and, management/employee relationships. Effective implementation was size-neutral and value was obtained through market ac cess. Produce industry stakeholders can apply the results of this research and create a template to be used in similar extension activities. Acknowledgements For the past four years of my life, food safety conversations followed me wherever I go. I ve discussed it at the dinner table

On the First of October 2017 Free Essays

On the first of October 2017, the Catalonian president Carles Puigdemont held a succession vote to declare the territory of Catalonia as independent from Spain. Ninety percent of votes were in favor for independence (Catalonia). Later in the month, on the 27th of October, Puigdemont declared the northwestern territory of Spain as independent. We will write a custom essay sample on On the First of October 2017 or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Spanish government responded by suspending the Catalonian government and managing the region under the central government, which is justified under Article 155 of their constitution which entitles that the government of Spain can â€Å"take the measures necessary† to â€Å"protect general interests† (The Spanish). But the succession forces in Catalonia are trying to challenge the Spanish Constitution over the illegality of their independence. The question is if these blockades imprinted in the Constitution are moral to be put into place. This situation of political chaos has escalated to the extent where the former regional leaders of Catalonia are either in jail in Madrid or in exile in Belgium and if they were to return to the region of Catalonia, they would face prosecution for treason (Minder). However, this has not stopped the succession forces in the region to try and put Puigdemont and his cabinet back into office. The controversy in these situations lies on a case to case basis. The campaign in territories seeking independence is based on the prosecution and legality of the laws set in place by the mother country. In Kurdistan, the Kurds want to succeed from the Iraqi government due to the oppression the people have had from historically being manipulated by other governments (Ali). The debate on the independence referendum in Scotland is based around the kingdom’s decision to remain part of the European Union or leave with the rest of the United Kingdom. To reach a decision in these debates, one must look into the social, political, and economic viewpoints for the morality of the independence situation for these territories. Initially, â€Å"the Kurds have long fought for their freedom, and have faced unimaginable oppression as a people† (Ali). This is the view of the 35 million Kurdish peoples long fight for independence starting back in World War Two. However, this movement has found conflict both in this region of Iraq and in the Western powers. In the case of Kurdistan, the debate if the territory should have their own state and if the United States and the other Western powers should support the Kurdish independence movement. Mohammed Ali’s opinion on this, the referendum in 2014 followed disputes on the sharing of oil proceeds between the Kurdistan Regional Government and the Iraqi Government (Ali). This has had lukewarm reception by the Western governments. The Kurdish people have just reasoning and have proven reliable, so why would governments want to inhibit this process? So why, would the vote for independence in the region be condemned. Overall, Mohammed Ali is a journalist for the Independent and has articles about the situation in Kurdistan. Ali’s bias, as formally stated, makes his statements very questionable and focused on his side of the argument. Krishnadev Calamur is a senior editor at The Atlantic and focuses mostly on news reports in the Middle East and Asia and on the United States involvement, which adds a sense of bias for Kurdistan to his articles.Subsequently, â€Å"Scotland is being dragged out of the EU against our will,† and this underlines the need for Scotland to have self-determination (Clock). The issue in Scotland and their movement towards succession is based around the United Kingdom leaving the European Union. Some of the nationalist parties in Scotland are organizing a referendum after the parliament of the United Kingdom decided to leave the European Union (Clock). These parties say that Scotland had little say in this matter and they think that Scotland would have better hopes of governing itself inside of the European Union (Clock). The increased following on the nationalist parties and the formation of a referendum would need to happen sooner than later if any movement is to happen in this territory. To analyze, The Herald newspaper in Scotland backed a no vote in the independence referendum but proclaims itself to be unbiased from any political belief. The newspaper is the eighth oldest newspaper in the world and has political bias depending on which authors are working for The Herald. With all of this noted, it can be inferred that the bias of this article is to the nationalistic side of the Scotland argument due to bold statements against leaving the European Union.In Catalonia, the constitution instituted Article 155 in Catalonia to stop the region from leaving Spain. This independence movement has hurt Catalonia as a whole. â€Å"Unemployment, retail sales, and tourist numbers all came in worse than expected for the end of 2017 while the growth of the Catalan economy lagged behind the nation as a whole† (Savitsky). This economic situation did not trouble Catalonia before this active movement for succession. Catalonia has added up to sixteen percent of the population and twenty percent of the Spanish economy, which is 223.6 billion euros as of October 2017 (Bosch). If the government of Catalonia is able to succeed, the tensions between the two sides would reduce, and the governments could focus on more important issues, like the economy, and be able to progress further separately.To evaluate, this side of the Catalonia issue shows that if the region of Catalonia is able to succeed, it would allow both Spain and Catalonia to progress from their currently regressed economic situations. From this position, it would be the best for both sides for Catalonia to become independent. From the opposing viewpoint, Kurdistan would have a struggling economy if they became independent. An Iraqi trader mentioned that â€Å"the market would die† if the Kurds threats became reality (Dziadosz). The economy in the region is based on oil sales that add up to ninety percent of its revenues (Dziadosz). This could bring a problem of self-reliance for the Kurdish people. Also, the majority of the oil goes to Turkey, which questions to the viability of the economy of an independent Kurdistan arise (Dziadosz). Despite this, even Turkey is against the independence of the Kurds. The President of Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan mentioned the Kurds vote for independence as â€Å"treachery† and that the region would â€Å"not find food or clothing† if independence ensued (Dziadosz). This threat has kept the Kurds from becoming independent is due to the one dimensional economy of oil and the fact that basic goods in the region need to be imported (Dziadosz). Based on the facts, should Kurdistan become an independent nation with the knowledge that it cannot support itself economically.To evaluate, Alex Dziadosz is a freelance journalist currently based in Lebanon and has been awarded the New York Press Award for his reporting in Iraq. Based on this, Dziadosz has seemed to take evidence of his findings from the Middle East to make his own credible statements and this article seems to be no exception. Moreover, Scotland is seen to be better off if Scotland stays with the United Kingdom. As a whole, the United Kingdom is a world power that is both relatively small both geographically and in population. Scotland benefits from being considered a world power. Scotland also values the United Nations, where the United Kingdom is one of the five permanent members on the world security council (McCafferty). This makes Scotland, England, and Northern Ireland stronger together than in their separate ways. As well, the complaint that Scotland is not represented in the United Kingdom is not true. Based on evidence, Scotland has more money spent on public services per person than that of England, a  £1,460 difference (McCafferty). As with that, the general public opinion in Scotland is that they are â€Å"equally Scottish and British† and many Scots have family across the border (McCafferty).In analysis, Ross McCafferty is a writer for the Scotsman that talks about his views on politics and sports in the United Kingdom and Scotland. The fact that McCafferty states his views in his articles could make them have questionable bias if they are not backed up with facts and not recognize the other side of the issue. McCafferty’s article has a bias for continued union with the United Kingdom but is no less reliable based on the facts and evidence proposed in the article.Furthermore, the issue of the independence of Catalonia is a risk of uncertainty for the region. Economists at Berenberg Bank, one of the leading private banks based in Germany, mentioned that there was no practical way for Catalonia to become an independent nation inside of the European Union (Kottasovà ¡). With independence, Catalonia would not be a World Trade Organization member, and would face major trade barriers (Kottasovà ¡). With these blockades, the price of imported goods into the region would rise, and would result in more unemployment (Kottasovà ¡). The region could also use the euro as a currency, but with no representation, as they would not have a seat in the European Central Bank (Kottasovà ¡). With this, the region of Catalonia would face barriers far larger than the ones that they currently have with Spain. This would most likely result in the loss of the rest of the Spain as a trade partner. With this, would they be able to risk the uncertainty that would ensue with independence?To evaluate, Ivana Kottasovà ¡ is a reporter at CNN Money that covers European business and economy. The article covers both sides of the issue in Catalonia but focuses mostly on the perspective of Spain. The author’s credentials and the evaluation of both sides of the case makes the case of the economics seem credible. Thus, after the evaluation of the cases, one can decide the logical perspective that each case should be placed into. Initially, my perspective on the issue was for the independence for these territories. But after extensive research and contemplation on the subject matter, my perspective has changed. Currently with the Kurdish people, there is evidence of an inefficient economy based solely on oil with an unestablished government. Secondly, in Scotland, the country would be better prepared, both economically and politically, to stay with the rest of the United Kingdom. No matter what the nationalistic politicians claim, they are receiving help from the rest of the union. However, I still believe the circumstance in Catalonia is still under debate. The Catalans have a diverse economy in a territory around the size of Belgium. The territory also has the political leaders ready to take the next step from Spain with the public opinion of the region on their side. In final analysis, the information presented is still very limited. There is a need for the evaluation of the individual bias of the leaders of each government to ensure that their beliefs are for the best. Along with that, there is the need for the analysis of past territories that have either become independent or have stayed with their union. The issue at hand is very complex and is in need for further review for each case independently. Overall, I stand that the territories should be able to show their protest, but in the cases provided, these territories should stay with their current nations. How to cite On the First of October 2017, Papers

Mytaxi (Intelligent Apps Gmbh) Extension from Germany to the Philippines free essay sample

Original paper is full of Appendices. You may get in touch with me if you would like to have a copy of the FULL VERSION with external links, charts, images, etc. PROJECT PROPOSAL: myTaxi HOME COUNTRY: Germany TARGET COUNTRY: Philippines OBJECTIVE: To expand the usage of the myTaxi (Intelligent Apps GmbH) application to Filipino Smartphone Users-Taxi Drivers PRODUCT INFORMATION Developed by Niclaus Mewes and Sven Kuelper in 2009, myTaxi is a Smartphone application that directly connects Taxi driver and passenger, enabling more efficient pick-up and drop-off transportation services. CATEGORY: Travel / Transportation TARGET USERS: Taxi Drivers, Taxi Passengers, Taxi Corporations CURRENT MARKETS: (Domestic) Germany: Berlin, Bonn, Cologne, Dortmund, Dusseldorf, Frankfurt, Hamburg, Hannover, Leipzig, Munich, Nuremburg, Stuttgart, Sylt (Regiocentric) Vienna: Austria Spain: Barcelona, Madrid Poland: Warsaw (Geocentric) Washington D. C. , United States of America Currently Under Development In: (Germany) Augsburg, Braunschweig, Bremen, Darmstadt, Essen, Heilbronn, Gera, Kaiserslautern, Karlsruhe, Kassel, Leverkusen, Mainz, Offenbach, Potsdam, Salzburg, Wiesbaden, Wurzburg Domestic Market Conditions (2012): Number of Taxi Passengers Per Year: 260 million est. Total Revenue in Taxi Fares: 2. 6 billion Euros Number of Mobile Subscriptions: 114. 2 million Smartphone Market Penetration: 53% Number of 3G/4G Subscriptions: 53. 2 million 3G Market Penetration: 65% REQUIREMENTS: Smartphone (Android or iOS), Internet (at least 500 MB) AVAILABILITY: iTunes (Apple Store) for Apple ; Google Play for Android PRICE: For Passengers: FREE DOWNLOAD (Application) Standard Taxi fares apply with no additional costs for using myTaxi (Transportation Service) For Drivers: 2,75% (net) for every service mediated via myTaxi HOW IT WORKS: For Passengers : Immediately upon opening the application, myTaxi uses GPS to pin point the user’s location. The app will then locate all of the available myTaxis in the area. The user can then send a pick-up request, as well as specify a destination (optional). Once a pick-up is confirmed, the user can see the driver’s information: name, vehicle registration, as well as his rating from other myTaxi users. The user can then track the progress of the Taxi until it picks him up. For Drivers: Taxi drivers need to register with myTaxi in order to be part of the system. This can be done via the myTaxi application, at a myTaxi office, or on the mytaxi. net website . Upon acceptance of a pick-up request, the driver receives the application user’s mobile number in case of extenuating circumstances, such as a traffic jam. FEATURES : †¢Favorite Drivers: Drivers can not only be rated, but also be saved and prioritized for future trips. Fare Calculator : Cost transparency via the integrated fare calculator that may be used before booking a trip. †¢Flexible Payment Options: Users can pay with cash or use credit, debit, or even PayPal. myTaxi has pioneered the cashless and even cardless payment of Taxi trips through the application . †¢Advanced Booking: Bookings can be made up to four days in advance of the user’s desired pick-up date, time, and place. †¢Personalize d Booking Options: Eco-taxis, 5-star Taxis, Airport trips, Luggage, Pet-friendly Taxis, Number of expected passengers TERMS AND CONDITIONS: For Passengers : I. Performance of myTaxi II. Second amendment and termination of service III. Availability IV. Liability V. General Obligations of the user VI. Responsibility for Content VII. Final Provisions For Taxi Driver : I. Gratuitous services of myTaxi II. Settlement of mediation services III. Payment IV. Amendment and termination of service V. Availability VI. General obligations of the user VII. Obligation to accept transfer order VIII. Termination of contract / disqualification of use IX. Rating system X. Responsibility for content XI. Final provisions For Business Accounts : I. Contract II. Contractual obligations of the contractor III. Invoicing by myTaxi IV. Employee Training V. Liability VI. Term and Termination VII. External representation of cooperation VIII. Of assignment, final provisions EXISTING PARTNERSHIPS: Car2Go HRS Ds Hotelportal Miles More Lufthansa Samsung T Mobile AirPlus International myTaxi is an innovative application that combined two different industries: The first is the relatively stable Transportation Industry, wherein passengers are given the option to commute semi-privately via Taxi. The second is the new and booming Smartphone + Internet Industry. The combination of both industries created a product (the application) AND service (the features) that covers both the daily transportation needs of commuters with their want of efficiency, reliability, and personalization in tune with the lifestyle of Today. With all this in mind, it is no surprise that myTaxi first focused on its domestic market to establish its name and create awareness of what they have to offer. Following their domestic success, myTaxi marketed itself to its immediate neighboring countries, a strategic move on their part, since their popularity would logically trickle itself to those right next to them, and not those far away – being involved in Travel and Transportation, this was clearly a logical step. The real trick however, to marketing myTaxi was through partnerships – with individual Taxi drivers and Taxi dispatch companies, and with complementary product brands, such as Samsung wherein the application is pre-installed in all their Smartphone units. Its strength lies mostly in its reputation. In its attempt to expand to the U. S. market, myTaxi had to compete with a few competitors, as the U. S. already had a few Taxi applications to choose from, depending on which city you were in. However, because of its popularity, its brand strength boasting to already have 2. 3 million users, it was able to secure a partnership with the D. C. Taxicab Commission. With their endorsement, myTaxi managed to escalate itself as more legitimate in the eyes of the market than its competitors. Lastly, one must consider that being a pioneer, myTaxi has been and is still reaping the benefits of the First Mover Advantage. It has already created its niche in the Transportation Industry and is transforming the preexisting Taxi market as well. myTaxi was already hailed as one of the top applications of 2012. TARGET MARKET INFORMATION TARGET MARKET: Metro Manila [NCR], Philippines (Lower-Middle Income) (Market Capitalism: constitutional democratic republic) GENERAL DEMOGRAPHICS: Population: 103,775,002 (Philippines, July 2012); 21,050,000 (Metro Manila, 2010) Size: 638. 55 km2 (Total Area) with a density of 18,567/km2 Rate of Urbanization: 2. 3% (2010-2015 estimated) annual rate of change Currency: Philippine Pesos (? Currency Inflation Rate: 2. 6% (March 2012) VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC: Number of Motor Vehicles Registered : 1,740,812 (2012) approx. 30% of total: 6,316,522 Number of Motor Vehicles Registered by Classification : for the entire PH Private: 5,410,783 (2012) approx. 86% of total: 6,316,522 For Hire: 840,974 (2012) approx. 13% of total: 6,316,522 Number of Taxis : 40,000 (2009) for the entire PH Annual Average Daily Traffic: approx. 10,927,245 (2011) vehicles approx. 4,049,314 caused by Passenger Cars (37%) approx. 2,195,860 caused by Utility Passengers (20%) Number of Apprehended Drivers : 14,439 (2012) approx. 2% of total: 761,743 Committed Traffic Violations: 1. RA 8750 Seatbelt Use Act 2. No CR/OR On Hand 3. Obstruction 4. Student Driver Operating an MV w/o Accompanying Licensed Driver 5. Driving w/o License 6. Unregistered/Invalid MV Registration 7. Reckless Driving 8. Driving w/ Delinquent/Invalid, Suspended, Ineffectual or Revoked License 9. No Brake Light 10. No EWD Carried MOBILE PHONES AND INTERNET : Number of Internet Users: 33. 6 million (2012) Internet Usage Growth Rate: 11% (2012) Smartphone Sales Value: $606. 5 million (2011) Number of Smartphone Subscribers: 15 million (2012) Smartphone Subscribers Growth: 38% (2012) Mobile Internet Users: 24% of all Filipino Internet users on a daily basis 56% intend to access the Internet via mobile phone in the next 12 months (2011) Leading Telecommunication Operators : (Q1 2012) †¢Smart Communications, Inc. Market Share: 68% Mobile Connections: 66. 1 million Prepaid Subscribers: 97% of total subscribers 3G Subscribers: 24% of total subscribers †¢Globe Telecom, Inc. Market Share: 32% Mobile Connections: 31 million Prepaid Subscribers: 95% of total subscribers 3G Subscribers: 27% of total subscribers OTHER STATISTICS: Fuel Prices : (as of 11 April 2013) Diesel: ? 40. 00 per liter Unleaded: ? 50. 72 per liter EXPANSION PLAN TO THE PHILIPPINES IMPETUS: Statistics are not needed to see that there are too many cars in Metro Manila, more than what the roads can actually accommodate. Traffic is a serious problem in the city, and though much can be said abou t the many reasons behind it, the reality remains that â€Å"for every bus there are 50 cars on the road† (Murphy, 2010). That is how congested the city roads are. There is definitely a need to limit the number of vehicles, or one day all movements on the streets will come to a stop. A more efficient and trustworthy Taxi-riding environment may encourage people to commute more, instead of driving out in their own cars for the simplest errands, or from even buying their own. A more centralized and systematized Taxi system may also encourage more discipline in drivers AND passengers, for example lessening the number of pick-ups and drop-offs in the middle of the road. ADVANTAGES: †¢EASE: Streets in the Philippines can be tricky . A lot of roads are not frequented by Taxis; Taxis are usually already occupied when spotted on the main roads; There are usually just certain places where Taxis are most available i. e. malls, markets – Getting back from those places may be easy enough, but getting there from wherever is the hard part. Hailing a Taxi is tedious and time-consuming in a busy city like Metro Manila. †¢TRUST: Both for foreigners and locals alike, there is always a chance of hailing a cab that has a fixed Taxi Meter, and you only find out until it is too late. myTaxi’s Fare Calculator works against that. You may also experience a driver bent on swindling you for extra money just because you have luggage or are with someone in need of assistance. With myTaxi’s Personalized Booking Options, you can already pre-bargain with your Taxi driver and let him know what to expect from you. Any additional costs need not be a surprise. †¢SAFETY: If you’re in the middle of nowhere in the middle of the night, order a cab via myTaxi instead of walking around looking for one. †¢FEEDBACK: Taxi drivers usually have no fear because they answer to no one, or at least no one bothers to go through the trouble of reporting them to their supervisors if they have one. yTaxi lets you provide feedback of your trip and your driver, removing them from the service if they have done you any wrong, or warning future passengers. PRICE: For Passengers: Application remains free. For Drivers: Following the 2,75% (net) for every service mediated by myTaxi†¦ Taxi Fare Flag Down Rate: ? 20. 00 ? 1. 50 per 500 meters *There is a possibility however, of lowering the rate to 2% due to Taxi drivers generating a below-average income in the Philippines. Average Income of Taxi Drivers: ? ,500. 00 per week MARKET ENTRY: (Product Extension-Communication Adaptation) Product itself remains relatively unchanged, aside from the necessary calibrations for the myTaxi application to work in Metro Manila. Communication approach will have to be different however, as the Philippines is a completely new market to this type of peer-to-peer service . Communication approach to potential passengers will also differ from potential drivers. Pre-Installed Application in Smartphones Units deployed to the Philippines will already have myTaxi pre-installed like in Germany -Pre-Installation leads to awareness that product is available Constantly seeing application will peak customer’s interest Trying out what this application and how it works leads to its evaluation and trial Upon first succ essful order of Taxi, customer adopts to the usage of the application whenever a Taxi is needed, as well as becoming more confident in exploring its other features Product loyalty is established, as well as recommendation of it to peers -myTaxi avatar/widget to be included in the list of Product Features, both online and in print Personalized Proposals to Taxi Corporations Direct contact between myTaxi Sales Representative/s and owner/manager of Taxi corporation through a meeting -Email point of contact of Taxi corporation a myTaxi business plan and proposal -eAdvertisements Personalized Proposals to Individual Taxi Drivers -Group Learning and Information Sessions managed by myTaxi Sales Representative/s -Free trial period -Flyers distributed in strategic areas -eAdvertisements Partnerships with Transportation-Related Government Offices to Aid in Endorsement of Service -Department of Transportation and Communications: Land Transportation Office [LTO] http://lto. gov. ph/ -Metropoli tan Manila Development Authority [MMDA] http://www. mmda. gov. ph/ Others -myTaxi stickers (on Taxis) to increase awareness and curiosity -myTaxi application to be featured in a local newspaper article LEGALITY AND REGULATIONS : No known regulation for the usage of Smartphone applications in the Philippines. Application is an add-on to an already registered business – whether by the individual Taxi driver or a Taxi Corporation thus, no taxes, licenses, permits, etc. involved. Political, legal, and regulatory environment poses no known risk. See also myTaxi Term and Conditions. CHALLENGES: †¢Limited Features (cabs in the Philippines are not equipped for payments via debit, credit, or PayPal) †¢Training on how to use the application (more for the drivers than the passengers) †¢Investment on Smartphone and Mobile Internet Plan (many options are offered however by Smart and Globe) Hofstede’s Cultural Typologies : Power Distance: Acceptance and willingness to try application by the â€Å"head/leading Taxi driver† or owner/manager of a Taxi corporation is a must. Other drivers will easily follow once connection with the â€Å"boss† is established. Collectivistic: Word-of-mouth will be the strongest marketing tool both for passengers and potential myTaxi drivers. Masculine: Most if not all Taxi drivers in Metro Manila are male. This must be taken into consideration when marketing myTaxi to them. Expect assertive, challenging and highly skeptical questions. Uncertainty Avoidance: Hypothetically no problems in getting Filipinos to accept myTaxi, especially once German origins are made known. Innovation especially American and European ones, are not seen as threatening. Use this as an advantage. Short-Term Orientation: Acceptance of myTaxi â€Å"now† may be achieved, but users, both driver and passenger, may grow bored and/or negligent of the application in the future. Ensure that its long-term advantages are very appealing and well communicated to drivers. Create a dependence on myTaxi for passengers. Sources: AJTP Information Center. (n. d. ). Road Transport Philippines [Data file]. Retrieved May 11, 2013, from http://www. ajtpweb. org/statistics/Philippines/road-transport-philippines Alternat1ve. (n. d. ). Philippine Gasoline Prices (P/li) [Data file]. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://www. alternat1ve. com/philippine-gas-prices. php Economic Impact of Traffic in Metro Manila [PDF document]. (2000). Retrieved on May 12, 2013, from http://d0ctrine. files. wordpress. com/2012/09/econ-impacts-of-congestion-coverchap-1-and-2. pdf Europe. (2013). Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://www. newmediatrendwatch. com/regional-overview/103- europe? start=1 Global mobile statistics 2012 Part B: Mobile Web; mobile broadband penetration; 3G/4G subscribers and networks. (2012). Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://mobithinking. com/mobile-marketing- tools/latest-mobile-stats/ b#mobilebroadbandcountries Global mobile statistics 2013 Part A: Mobile subscribers; handset market share; mobile operators. (2013). Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://mobithinking. om/mobile-marketing-tools/latest-mobile-stats/a#topmobilemarkets Globe Telecom. (n. d. ). In Wikipedia. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Globe_Telecom myTaxi. (n. d. ). Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://www. mytaxi. com/home. html Philippines. (n. d. ). In Wikipedia. Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://en. wikipedia. org /wiki/Philippines Philippines 7th Fastest Internet Growth, 17th Largest Smartphone Population Worldwide. (n. d. ). Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://thebobbery. com/philippines-7th-fastest-internet-growth-17th-largest-smartphone-population-worldwide/ Smart Communications. (n. d. ). In Wikipedia. Retreived May 1, 2013, from http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Smart_ Communications Smartphone Reach Majority in all EU5 Countries. (2013). Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://www. comscoredatamine. com/2013/03/smartphones-reach-majority-in-all-eu5-countries/ World Usage Patterns Demographics. (2013). Retrieved May 1, 2013, from http://www. newmediatrendwatch. com /world-overview/34-world-usage-patterns-and-demographics Ablott, M. (2012). Philippines mobile market becomes two-horse race. Retrieved May 10, 2013, from https:// wirelessintelligence. com/analysis/2012/05/philippines-mobile-market-becomes-two-horse-race/336/ Bryant, M. (2012). 5 startup trends for 2012. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://thenextweb. com/insider/2012 /01/03/5-startup-trends-for-2012/ Hofstede, G. , Hofstede, J. H. , and Minkov, M. (2010). Philippines. In Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://geert-hofstede. com/philippines. html Kistner, A. (2012). Taxi 2. 0: Dispatch Firms Wage War over Smartphone App. In DER SPIEGEL (6/2012). Retrieved May 10, 2013, from http://www. spiegel. de/international/business/taxi-2-0-dispatch-firms-wage-war-over-smartphone-app- a-816685. html Meyer, D. (2012). MyTaxi rides into U. S. market with a trick up its sleeve. Retrieved May 11, 2013, from http://gigaom. om/2012/10/10/mytaxi-rides-into-u-s-market-with-a-trick-up-its-sleeve/ Murphy, D. (2010, November 29). Too many private cars on Metro Manila roads. Message posted to http://opinion. inquirer. net/inquireropinion/letterstotheeditor/view/20101129-305923/Too-many-private-cars-on-Metro-Manila- roads Robles, A. C. (2012). The agony of Metr o Manila commuters. Retrieved May 11, 2013, from http://www. gmanetwork. com/news/story/254898/news/specialreports/the-agony-of-metro-manila-commuters Steinmetz, T. (2012). World’s largest taxi booking app launches in US. Retrieved May 12, 2013, from http://www. eturbonews. com/31647/worlds-largest-taxi-booking-app-launches-us

United States Foreign Policy free essay sample

The contemporary foreign policy of the United States represents an evolving continuum of principles, conceptions and strategies that in part, derived from the particularistic American Cold War experience. As such, united States foreign policy is neither a static entity, nor is its intentions or direction uncontested. This essay will examine the underlying issues of identity and how, beginning with the Truman Doctrine, a distinct articulation of the national interest was evinced that has defined Americas role in the world.In doing so, focus will be given to the development of alliance policy, entailment and its effect on transforming the US posture in the post-Cold War international order. Firstly, it is pertinent to reconsider the traditional narratives that underpin American identity. Inherent in this is Manifest Destiny, which asserts that Anglo-Saxon Americans are Gods chosen people, with a superior culture and who are pre-ordained to spread civilization to inferior peoples. We will write a custom essay sample on United States Foreign Policy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This tradition offers instructive themes for the formulation of American exceptionalness and its manifestation into a missionary foreign policy. It also raises to the forefront the Mechanic character of American logic, its solipsism and tendency to justify geopolitical objectives in moralistic terms. Thus, US foreign policy is a discourse for reproducing American identity, containing threats to its core principles and legitimating global actions. The Cold War era ended Americas historic vacillation between isolationism and internationalism.The Truman Doctrine committed, in part to support free peoples who are resisting attempted subjugation by armed minorities or by outside pressures. Consonant with American identity, it rapidly became the cornerstone of American Cold War foreign policy. The citrine enshrined in popular culture the notion that America is vulnerable in a dangerous world. For this reason, it was a statement of both identity and global purpose, signaling to the Soviet union that the United States was prepared to counter any Soviet expansionism.While the Truman Doctrine articulated an enduring strategic vision, it was National Security Council Report 68 that expressed a posteriori justification for American aspirations to global hegemony. Declaring that the exigencies of the international system compel US intervention the report emphasized that absence of order is inimical to IIS interests. It recommends the United States create an international community based on the principles of freedom and democracy to counter the Soviet threat. Implicit in this is the assumption that every situation is controllable and could be resolved in-line with US interest.Furthermore, the imperatives of hegemony were already producing a bifurcation between lofty ideals and policy, with Seamans very realist calculation that the US would need to dismiss with sentimentality an d altruism if it wanted to attain a superior geopolitical position. Discursively speaking, suspicion and anxiety continue to characterize American identification with the outside world. While specific opinions relating to foreign policy issues have changed, the underlying belief structure remains intact.Where civilization was imperiled by the red cancer, the Reagan administration began rejuvenating the civilized versus savagery dichotomy, this time targeting terrorism. Likewise, American exceptionalness remains a central rallying cry with its moral and emotive force used as rationale for American intervention in the Middle East. There is no clearer reaffirmation of the Truman Doctrine than from former President George Walker Bush who clears it the responsibility of the United States, if not its messianic mission to promote freedom worldwide.More recently, the Obama administration maintains the US objective to shape the international order and ensconced within it is justification based on the ingenuity of the American people. American alliance policy is both reflective of ideological divisions and indicative of an intention to maintain centrality in the internationa l order. Mired in the power struggle that was the Cold War, alliances became a competition for allies and were sought for economic and security interests. As such, the United States constructed an interconnected web of relationships, positioning itself as the centripetal entity.With a confluence of identity and interests, the North Atlantic Treaty enjoined Europe and the United States into a multilateral institution, defending the collective security of Western civilization. Contrastingly, attempts at forming collective security institutions in East Asia, principally the Eisenhower administrations South East Asia Treaty Organization failed due to Saiss Pissarro identities and incongruent interests. Instead, the United States reverted to a hub and spoke structure, a outwork of bilateral alliances with Japan, South Korea and Taiwan amongst others.Without a single common thread, this informal structure has relied on United States security guarantees and more latently, shared economic interests to maintain stability. Formed under the rubric of anticommunism, by the end of the Cold War an order had emerged built on two pillars the US doll ar and the IIS security umbrella. Though the IIS has lost its reliable satraps from the Cold War era, it continues to hold a unique economic and military presence in East Asia. However, the US is now one of many important layers in a region trending toward deeper multilateral cooperation.Pressure on allies to oppose regional security forums in favor of their US alliance has failed. The American presence is still valued except in a different context, to balance that of Chinas rise. Coming to grips with this reality necessitated the eschewing of past ideological differences as non-traditional partners, including Vietnam have been sought for bilateral economic ties. Further, the CSS has implicitly accepted Beijing rising status and conferred upon China the leadership position on some regional issues, principally those of common once such as North Koreans nuclear program.This is not without its realignments, expressly with Taiwan, where the US is involved in a delicate balancing, keen to maintain reputation interests but with a growing desire to engage with China. Despite advancing regionalism, American alliances continue to form the foundation of security and US relations with East Asia. Having largely lost its raisin dtree with the conclusion of the Cold War, its ostensibly contradictory that NATO has expanded and diversified. Reinforced by shared political values and the legacy of four decades of cooperation, theCSS had ample reason to preserve it. Antas expansion eastward to the Russian border reinforces the European security community and imbues within it a lasting American influence. Further, US dominance within NATO has subordinated it to a body in service of American interests preserving the ideologically important transatlantic relationship whilst concealing US actions within a multilateral facade. Absent the Soviet threat and reminiscent of the Truman Doctrine, justifications for expansion fell on defending human rights globally (Freaking 2003, 371).Moreover, the abject failure of US nation alluding in Iraq, contrasted with the relative success of Shove sends a clear message that with intensifying global fragmentation, there is no viable alternative to col lective action. Given US military supremacy, NATO will remain a desirable coalition for Europeans whilst also serving as an instrument of US interests. Alongside alliances, the Cold War strategy of containment acted as a bulwark to preserve American identity and interests. Advanced chiefly by Keenan, on one hand containment recommended a long-term, patient but firm and vigilant containment of Russian expansive tendencies.Likening the Soviet Union to a bent tree, Keenan argued that sustained counter-pressure over time would allow that tree to grow back in another form. In this way, the redemption of the Soviet Union, its repudiation of communism, became the ultimate policy goal. On the other hand, containment represented a vociferous enunciation of American identity, declaring that Soviet defiance compelled Americans to accept destiny and lead the global resistance. Having attained great-power Status, containment initially accentuated Americas moralistic tendencies.By depicting Ideological adversaries as illegitimate, this oft little room for negotiation until dtenet made possible a limited modus veined . Strategically, containment allowed America to build spheres of influence, managing other powers in a global system under American aegis, creating the prelude to the post-Cold War pas Americana. While often referred to as outmoded, containment remains pervasive in American foreign policy. In postulating that terrorism demands pre-emotive action, former President George Walker Bush asserted that containment is not possible.Yet Caddis argues the Bush Doctrine supplements Cold War containment, retooling it for a geographically unbounded struggle. Others have argued for a similar reinvigoration of containment to deal with Iran. Recent policy documents confirm this approach; inviting Iran to renounce its ideology, join the international community and Offer engagement with America. The latter offer of engagement demonstrates the experience gained during dtenet is providing logical boundaries for modern containment. At the same time, the ideological basis for containment persists.Evocative of the Cold War reasoning, containment during the War on Terror was envisaged as a process of everyday serialization, policing of the border between the Self and Other. There can be no compromise of fundamental American ideals as according to former Secretary of Defense Rumbled, they will either succeed in changing our way of life, or we will succeed in changing theirs. This ideological bifurcation is the unifying idea behind the assertion and legalization of American global hegemony.Hence contemporary containment, while more reflexive, continues as a mechanism for restricting threats to strategy and identity. As the only power left standing at the end of the Cold War, the IIS sought to complete its objectives from NCSC-68 and cement its dominance. With a universal agenda, it sought to fill the power vacuum left by the collapse of the Soviet Union. Imperial ambitions collided with the tenets of former US grand strategy restraint, accommodation and institutionalism. In this way, it revolted against the very system it created.American unilateralism is often held as symbolic of this, yet it is nothing new. The crucial difference is in part perception; as the hegemonic state, the IIS is perceived as exploiting its advantage and threatening the position of other states. Reflecting on a much earlier period in international relations, Kissing notes the desire of en power for absolute security means absolute insecurity for all the others. Often unwilling to be restricted by international law, the US undermines the legitimacy of international society and the attractiveness of its leadership.While maintaining the international order remains critical to American foreign policy, its expanding interests endanger other states and the mutual benefits of a IIS led system. In a rapidly evolving international system, the US is at the forefront and yet is most threatened bathe emerging multipart order. The contemporary foreign policy of the US reflects an evolution of the policies reused during the Cold War. Using a combination Of ideology, alliances and containment, the US cultivated a global order that defeated the Soviet Union.Having achieved pre-eminence, the signatures of these same philosophies remains embedded in US policy and strategic thinking. Perhaps the best indication of this is the designation of a new ideological enemy in terrorism and its resulting revalidation of Cold War dogma into a modern raisin d?tat. Most critically, the US is utilizing this new calling to consolidate its alliances and contain adversaries in light of the emergence of an increasingly decentralized, multipart global order.

Seven Facts About the Lincoln-Douglas Debates

Seven Facts About the Lincoln-Douglas Debates The Lincoln-Douglas Debates,  a series of seven public confrontations between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas, took place in the summer and fall of 1858. They became legendary, and the popular conception of what happened tends to veer toward the mythical. In the modern political commentary, pundits often express a wish that current candidates could do Lincoln-Douglas Debates. Those meetings between candidates 160 years ago somehow represent the pinnacle of civility and an elevated example of lofty political thought. The reality of the Lincoln-Douglas debates was different than what most people believe. And here are seven factual things you should know about them: 1. They Were Not Really Debates Its true that the Lincoln-Douglas Debates are always cited as classic examples of, well, debates. Yet they were not debates in the way we think of the political debate in modern times. In the format Stephen Douglas demanded, and Lincoln agreed to, one man would speak for an hour. Then the other would speak in rebuttal for an hour and a half, and then the first man would have a half-hour to respond to the rebuttal. In other words, the audience was treated to lengthy monologues, with the entire presentation stretching out to three hours. There was no moderator asking questions, and no give-and-take or fast reactions like weve come to expect in modern political debates. True, it wasnt gotcha politics, but it also wasnt something that would work in todays world. 2. They Got Crude, With Personal Insults and Racial Slurs Though the Lincoln-Douglas Debates are often cited as a high point of civility in politics, the actual content was often pretty rough. In part, this was because the debates were rooted in the frontier tradition of the stump speech. Candidates, sometimes literally standing on a stump, would engage in freewheeling and entertaining speeches that would often contain jokes and insults. Its worth noting that some of the content of the Lincoln-Douglas Debates would likely be considered too offensive for a network television audience today. Besides both men insulting each other and employing extreme sarcasm, Stephen Douglas often resorted to crude race-baiting. Douglas made a point of repeatedly calling Lincolns political party the black Republicans and was not above using crude racial slurs, including the n-word. Even Lincoln, albeit uncharacteristically, used the n-word twice in the first debate, according to a transcript published in 1994 by Lincoln scholar Harold Holzer. Some versions of the debate transcripts, created at the debates by stenographers hired by two Chicago newspapers, have been sanitized over the years. 3. The Two Men Were Not Running for President Because the debates between Lincoln and Douglas are so often mentioned, and because the men did oppose each other in the election of 1860, its often assumed the debates were part of a run for the White House. They were actually running for the U.S. Senate seat already held by Stephen Douglas. The debates, because they were reported nationwide (thanks to the aforementioned newspaper stenographers) did elevate Lincolns stature. Lincoln, however, probably did not think seriously about running for president until after his speech at Cooper Union in early 1860. 4. The Debates Were Not About Ending Slavery Most of the subject matter at the debates concerned slavery in America. But the talk was not about ending it, it was about whether to prevent slavery from spreading to new states and new territories. That alone was a very contentious issue. The feeling in the North, as well as in some of the South, was that slavery would die out in time. But it was assumed it wouldnt fade away anytime soon if it kept spreading into new parts of the country. Lincoln, since the Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, had been speaking out against the spread of slavery. Douglas, in the debates, exaggerated Lincolns position and portrayed him as a radical abolitionist, which he was not. The abolitionists were considered to be at the very extreme of American politics, and Lincolns anti-slavery views were more moderate. 5. Lincoln Was the Upstart, Douglas the Political Powerhouse Lincoln, who had been offended by Douglass position on slavery and its spread into western territories, began dogging the powerful senator from Illinois in the mid-1850s. When Douglas would speak in public, Lincoln would often appear on the scene and offer a rebuttal speech. When Lincoln received the Republican nomination to run for the Illinois senate seat in the spring of 1858, he realized that showing up at Douglas speeches and challenging him would probably not work well as a political strategy. Lincoln challenged Douglas to the series of debates, and Douglas accepted the challenge. In return, Douglas dictated the format, and Lincoln agreed to it. Douglas, a political star, traveled the state of Illinois in grand style in a private railroad car. Lincolns travel arrangements were much more modest. He rode in passenger cars with other travelers. 6. Huge Crowds Viewed the Debates In the 19th century, political events often had a circus-like atmosphere and the Lincoln-Douglas debates certainly had a festival air about them. Huge crowds, up to 15,000 or more spectators, gathered for some of the debates. However, while the seven debates drew crowds, the two candidates also traveled the state of Illinois for months, giving speeches on courthouse steps, in parks, and in other public venues. So its likely that more voters saw Douglas and Lincoln at their separate speaking stops than would have seen them engaging in the famous debates. As the Lincoln-Douglas Debates received so much coverage in newspapers in major cities in the East, its possible the debates had the greatest influence on public opinion outside of Illinois. 7. Lincoln Lost Its often assumed that Lincoln became president after beating Douglas in their series of debates. But in the election depending on their series of debates, Lincoln lost. In a complicated twist, the large and attentive audiences watching the debates were not even voting on the candidates, at least not directly.   At that time, U.S. Senators were not chosen by direct election, but in elections held by state legislatures. This situation would not change until the ratification of the 17th Amendment to the Constitution in 1913. So the election in Illinois wasnt really for Lincoln or for Douglas. Voters were voting on candidates for the statehouse who, in turn, would then vote for the man who would represent Illinois in the U.S. Senate. The voters went to the polls in Illinois on November 2, 1858. When the votes were tallied, the news was bad for Lincoln. The new legislature would be controlled by the party of Douglas. The Democrats ended the day with 54 seats in the statehouse, the Republicans (Lincolns party), 46. Stephen Douglas was thus reelected to the Senate. But two years later, in the election of 1860, the two men would face each other again, along with two other candidates. And Lincoln, of course, would win the presidency. The two men appeared on the same stage again, at Lincolns first inauguration on March 4, 1861. As a prominent senator, Douglas was on the inaugural platform. When Lincoln rose to take the oath of office and deliver his inaugural address, he held his hat and awkwardly looked about for a place to put it. As a gentlemanly gesture, Stephen Douglas reached out and took Lincolns hat and held it during the speech. Three months later, Douglas, who had taken ill and may have suffered a stroke, died. While the career of Stephen Douglas overshadowed that of Lincoln during most of his lifetime, he is best remembered today for the seven debates against his perennial rival in the summer and fall of 1858. Source Holzer, Harold (Editor). The Lincoln-Douglas Debates: The First Complete, Unexpurgated Text. 1st Editon, Fordham University Press, March 23, 2004.

How to Scan and Mark Latin Poetry

How to Scan and Mark Latin Poetry To learn to scan a line of Latin poetry, it helps to know the meter and to use a text that shows the macrons. Lets assume you have a text of the beginning of The Aeneid with macrons. Since it is an ancient epic, The Aeneid is in dactylic hexameters, which is a meter the AP exams typically expect you to know. Find the Long Syllables First, you mark all syllables that are long by nature. Syllables that are long by nature are those with diphthongs, ae, au, ei, eu, oe, and ui. Those syllables with macrons over the vowels are long by nature. For simplicity, a circumflex will be used for a macron here. (Macrons are usually long marks †¾ over the vowels, but you use the long mark †¾ over the syllables vowel to mark the syllable as long when you scan your lines.) Tip: For an AP exam, the help offered by the macron will probably not be available, so when you use a Latin dictionary to look up a word, make note of the long vowels. 3 Consecutive Vowels If there are 3 vowels in a row:and there is a macron over one of the vowels, it is not part of the diphthong; thus, dià ªÃƒ ®, which has two macrons, has no diphthongs. Dià ªÃƒ ® has 3 syllables: di, à ª, and à ®.and the second and third vowels form a diphthong, the preceding vowel is short. (This 1st vowel is also short if there are 2 vowels that do not form a diphthong.)Next, find and mark as long all the syllables that are long by position. Double Consonants Those syllables in which the vowel is followed by two consonants (one or both of which may be in the next syllable) are long by position.A syllable that ends in X or (sometimes) Z is long by position because X or (sometimes) Z counts as a double consonant. Extra Linguistic Information: The 2 consonant sounds are [k] and [s] for X and [d] and [z] for Z.However, ch, ph, and th do not count as double consonants. They are the equivalent of the Greek letters Chi, Phi, and Theta.For qu and sometimes gu, the u is really a glide [w] sound rather than a vowel, but it doesnt make the q or g into a double consonant.When the second consonant is an l or an r, the syllable may or may not be long by position. When the l or r is the first consonant, it counts towards the position. Extra Linguistic Information: The consonants [l] and [r] are called liquids and are more sonorant (closer to vowels) than stop consonants [p] [t] and [k]. Glides are even more sonorant.When a word ends in a vowel or a vowe l followed by an m and the first letter of the next word is a vowel or the letter h, the syllable ending in a vowel or an m elides with the next syllable, so you dont mark it separately. You may put a line through it.Extra Linguistic Information: The [h] counts as aspiration or rough breathing in Greek, rather than a consonant. Scan a Line of Latin Lets look at an actual line of Latin: Arma virumque canà ´, Trà ´iae quà ® prà ®mus ab à ´rà ®s Can you find the 7 syllables that are long by nature? There are 6 macrons and 1 diphthong. Mark them all as long. Here they are bolded; syllables are separated from each other: Ar-ma vi-rum-que ca- nà ´, Trà ´-iae quà ® prà ®-mus ab à ´-rà ®s Notice that in Trà ´iae there is a diphthong, a macron, and an i in between. More Information: This intervocalic i acts as a consonant (j), rather than a vowel. How Many Syllables Are Long by Position? There are only 2: Ar-maThe two consonants are r and m.vi-rum-quethe two consonants are m and q. Here is the line with all the long syllables noted: Ar-ma vi-rum-que ca-nà ´, Trà ´-iae quà ® prà ®-mus ab à ´-rà ®s Mark According to the Known Meter Since you already know this is an epic and in the meter called dactylic hexameter, you know you should have 6 feet (hexa-) of dactyls. Dactyl is a long syllable followed by two shorts, which is exactly what you have at the start of the line: Ar-ma vi-You may put short marks over the 2 short syllables. (If you arent bolding the long syllables, you should mark the shorts, perhaps with a Ï…, and mark the longs with a long mark †¾ over them: †¾Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¦.) This is the first foot. You should put a line (|) after it to mark the foots end.The next and all succeeding feet begin with a long syllable as well. It looks as though the second foot is as simple as the first:rum-que ca-The second foot is just like the first. No problem so far, but then look what comes next. Its all long syllables:nà ´, Trà ´-iae quà ® prà ®Have no fear. There is an easy solution here. One long syllable is the equivalent of 2 shorts. (Mind you, you cant use two shorts for the start of a dactyl.) Therefore, a dactyl can be long, short, short, or long, long and thats what weve got. The long, long syllable is called a spondee, so technically, you should say that a spondee can substitute for a dactyl.nà ´, Trà ´iae quà ® and then prà ® b ecomes the long syllable in a regular dactyl: prà ®-mus ab We just need one more syllable to make the 6 dactyls of a line of dactylic hexameter. What we have left is the same pattern we saw for the 3rd and 4th feet, two longs:à ´-rà ®sOne extra bonus is that it doesnt matter whether the final syllable is long or short. The final syllable is an anceps. You can mark the anceps with an x.Tip: This customary †¾ x final foot makes it possible to work backward from the last two syllables  if the passage is tricky. You have now scanned a line of dactylic hexameter: Ar-ma vi-|rum-que ca-|nà ´, Trà ´-|iae quà ® |prà ®-mus ab| à ´-rà ®s†¾Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¦ | †¾Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¦ | †¾ †¾ | †¾ †¾ |†¾Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¦ |†¾x Line With Elision The third line of the first book of The Aeneid offers examples of elision twice in succession. If you are speaking the lines, you dont pronounce the italicized elided parts. Here, the syllable with the ictus is marked with an acute accent and the long syllables are bolded, as above: là ­-to-ra | mà ºl- tum il-| le à ©t ter-| rà ­s jac-| t-tus et| l- to†¾Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¦ | †¾ †¾ | †¾ †¾ | †¾ †¾ |†¾Ãâ€¦Ãâ€¦ |†¾xSyllables Read: li-to-ra-mul-til-let-ter-ris-jac-ta-tus-et-al-to References: Guide to Scansion of Latin PoetryGildersleeves Latin Grammar

Legal Rights Afforded to the Accused Research Paper

Legal Rights Afforded to the Accused - Research Paper Example Miranda rights apply to custodial interrogations and since John is held in police custody he qualifies for these rights (Roberson, Wallace and Stuckey, 2007). Ideally, John is an illegal immigrant and as such is expected to face the due process of the law and similar protection provided in the constitution like other United States (US) citizens. He should therefore be accorded help if unable to communicate in native language by being given a translator. If the police officers fail to advise John of the fundamental rights provided in the constitution, any statements made by John may therefore be suppressed if challenged in a court of law meaning that such incriminating statements may not be used against John during his trial. Some procedural steps that must be taken include booking John for the crimes he has been arrested for. His personal belonging are then taken, photographs and fingerprints taken in order to confirm his identity and establish if there are other warrants of arrests issued before (Kempinen, 2006). John should then be arraigned in court before a judge and at this point the judge will decide if there was a need for the arrest. During the arraignment, a judge also decides the amount of bail or if the suspect would be released on recognizance. Nevertheless, considering that John is not a citizen, the immigration department should put him on hold meaning that even if a bail is allowed, he would not be freed without posting an immigration bond. The immigration will then wait from his case to complete and then commence deportation proceedings against John. Preliminary hearing is mainly used to assess adequacy of evidence against a suspect in order to make a decision whether to go to a full trial. On the other hand, a grand jury is where a group of citizens listen to evidence presented to determine if a full trial should commence. Both preliminary and grand jury allows evidence which gives the prosecutor enough evidence to charge the

Market Model Patterns of Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Market Model Patterns of Change - Essay Example This paper aptly examines the patterns of change in the Wal-Mart market model. Wal-Mart is a perfect example of a business operating in an oligopolistic market structure. This is because they have low prices in the market enabling them compete healthily with other businesses dealing in similar products/services. Secondly, Wal-Mart operates with fewer sellers in the market giving them mutual interdependence over the other firms in the business. The long term effect of Wal-Mart operating an oligopoly will result to rise of economies of scale.This is because they will take advantage of having been in the markets to put barriers to other business wishing to join the business. Secondly, Operating under oligopoly market structure, Wal-Mart may collude to form a monopoly form of market structure, therefore, dictating their terms in the market. As a short term effect, Wal-Mart will be forced to renew their strategies of working because they will be facing different competitors in the market (Roberts & Berg, 2012). Secondly, Wal-Mart will enjoy controlling its market share for short period of time, but because the market is free for other to join, they will soon lose their popularity in the market as new firm producing same products will be cropping up to share the market it enjoyed. An example is that today, Wal-Mart may holds a substantial share in the market by its products but the case will be different in a year or two because there will be other new companies providing same products and at even better quality. There are various factors affecting the degree of competiveness of Wal-Mart. They involve both internal, external and delegations and functions of the management. The productive measures affecting Wal-Mart competitiveness is their capability in retailing. The business has various stores situated in various strategic places. These stores seek their profits by retailing their products through high volumes and using low mark-ups to give them a competitive advan tage over other business dealing in the same line of products. Secondly, Wal-Mart achieves their competitiveness owing to their standardized pallets, tight delivery schedules and computerized tracking. This has given them an edge over many businesses dealing in the same line since they are not in a position to raise enough capital to ensure efficiency in the systems. They are also able to use their technology as a source of marketing, therefore, minimize on their revenue spending. Thirdly, Wal-Mart prices play a significant role in influencing their activities and encouraging their competitiveness to other businesses. This is because it is an economy of scale, therefore, they purchase raw materials at a much cheaper price compared to other businesses that are not yet economies of scale. They also distribute their stock to a large numbers of stalls located strategically hence minimizing cost related to transport and other related activities. Being an economy of scale, Wal-Mart is off ering prices for its products that cannot rejected by the customers and in the process enjoys a large customer base for their products/services (Dunne, 2011). An accurate price determination of Wal-Mart’s competitors will significantly influence pricing decisions in Wal-Mart. The two chief competitors of Wal-Mart include

Bacolod Public Plaza Essay Example for Free

Bacolod Public Plaza Essay * The Bacolod Public Plaza is one of the notable landmarks of Bacolod City, the capital of Negros Occidental, Philippines. It is located in the heart of the downtown area, near the city hall and across from the San Sebastian Cathedral. The plaza is a trapezoidal park with a belt of trees around the periphery and a gazebo at the center. Scattered within the trees are four circular fountains. * The plaza was constructed in 1927 as a place for recreation, political, spiritual and cultural activities. It is quite a popular site for outdoor picnics and concerts. The gazebo is often used to house a bandstand and inscribed along the sides of the roof are the names of Western classical musiccomposers Beethoven, Wagner, Haydn, and Mozart. The plaza is the heart of the MassKara Festival celebration.[1] The MassKara Festival is a week-long celebration held each year in Bacolod City every third weekend of October nearest October 19, the citys Charter Anniversary. The Bacolod public plaza is the final destination of MassKara street dancing competition which is the highlight of the celebration. Capitol Park and Lagoon * The Capitol Park and Lagoon is a provincial park located in Bacolod City, Negros Occidental, in Philippines. One of the features of the park is matching sculptures depicting a woman standing alongside a water buffalo and that of a man pulling another water buffalo. * These sculptures are located at the northern and southern ends of the lagoon. These figures were executed by Italian sculpture Francesco Riccardo Monti who also did the sculptures of the Metropolitan Manila Theater and the University of the Philippines Visayas Iloilo campus. * Guillermo Tolentino also contributed as a sculptor of the figures.Popular activities at the park include jogging, aerobics, school dance rehearsals, promenading, Arnis and martial arts practice and feeding the tilapias of the lagoon. * The main landmark in the park is the Negros Occidental Provincial Capitol building. It is the official seat of the Governor of the province. Different government offices of the province serving its thirteen cities and municipalities are also located in the vicinity of the park. San Sebastian Cathedral * Cathedral of San Sebastian was founded in April 27, 1876 by Bishop Mariano Cuartero but the cornerstone was laid and it was inaugurated in the January 20 in the year 1882. Now, referred to as the Bacolod Cathedral is located along the Rizal Street across the Bacolod City Public Plaza. * The structure of cathedral is made up of coral stones and lime quarried of Guimaras Island and Palawan wood. Visitors of the cathedral will instantly notice the baroque architectural style as the pillar, walls; foundations of the church are coral stones. * The statue of Our Lady of the Holy Rosary of Bacolod is there on one side of the faà §ade while the resurrected Jesus Christ is there in the mid section of the faà §ade. The statue of San Sabestian is there inside the church on the main altar. Other highlights of the church are the flag stand with the logo of Recoletos and the old Stations of the Cross made up of plaster of Paris. Negros Museum * Visit to Negros Museum of Bacolod is the best way of getting acquainted with the history of this city. This museum is a perfect blend of artwork, relics and artifacts which enables you to understand the present and past of the city. * The museum exhibits several must see galleries such as JGM Gallery of International Folk Art and Folk Toys. This is an excellent place to visit with children as it focuses on playing items from all round the World. * There are around three thousand toys for playing. Other must visit sections of the museum for children include The TUKLAS Childrens Library, Resource and Activity Center etc. * The workshop is also organized by the museum where children can learn paintings, sculpting and to experience their hands on various forms of pottery. The museum also exhibits numerous other must see exhibits such as the Iron Dinosaurs, fifty boat, sugar industry and much more. THE BALAY NEGRENSE * The Balay Negrense is a museum in Silay City, Negros Occidental in the Philippines, showcasing the lifestyle of a late 19th-century Negrense sugar baron. It is notable for being the first museum to be established in the province of Negros Occidental. * The house is of the type called bahay na bato, literally house of stone, however, reflecting American colonial influences, the lower storey is not constructed of stone but of concrete. The foundation posts are made out of trunks of the balayong tree, a local hardwood; the floorboards are of the same material. Bacolod-Silay International Airport * Bacolod-Silay International Airport (IATA: BCD, ICAO: RPVB) is the main airport serving the general area of Bacolod City, the capital city of Negros Occidental in the Philippines. This airport replaced the Bacolod City Domestic Airport in 2007. The Bacolod-Silay International Airport inherited its IATA and ICAO airport codes from the former. * The airport is located fifteen kilometers northeast of Bacolod City on a 181-hectare site in Barangay Bagtic, Silay City. The airport, which is built to handle international traffic, is expected to become the primary gateway to Negros Island. It is one of the three international airports envisioned to serve the Western Visayas region, alongside Kalibo International Airport and the New Iloilo Airport. * The Bacolod-Silay International Airport is designated as an International Airport by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines, a body of the Department of Transportation and Communications that is responsible for the operations of not only this airport but also of all other airports in the Philippines except the major international airports. POPE JOHN PAUL II TOWER * The John Paul II Tower stands at the Bacolod Real Estate Development Corp. reclaimed area where the Pope held a Mass in February 20, 1981. It was built to commemorate the event that happened twenty-nine years ago when the late Pope John Paul II visited Bacolod City. * At the entrance of the tower stands an eight-foot sculpture of John Paul made of synthetic bronze and fiberglass created by Brother Tagoy Jakosalem. On top of the tower is a 12-foot stainless steel lighted cross made and donated by Architect Ramiro Garcia, former vice mayor of Bacolod. * This eight-story glass tower was inaugurated on February 18, 2010 with the holy presence of Archbishop Joseph Edward Adams, Papal Nuncio to the Philippines, assisted by the Bishop of the Diocese of Bacolod, his Excellency, Msgr. Vicente Navarra. * The donor of the 700 square-meter lot at the reclamation area and the eight-story building just a few steps away from SM City Bacolod is lawyer Simplicio Palanca. It is covered in glass panels and houses personal possessions of John Paul. * On top of the tower is a breathtaking view of Bacolod City and the Guimaras Strait. It is also equipped with a glass enclosed elevator, a water system and a generating set. The JPII Tower will not just be Bacolods fine tourist attraction but a testament on how strong our catholic faith is. ARANETA AND LACSON ST. * Lacson Street is one of the major streets in the city of Bacolod. It is the main artery leading to the north part of Negros. * Its counterpart is the Araneta St., which will lead you to the south. Here in Bacolod, Lacson Street is regarded as the chic side of the City.It is where Banks, Hotels, Malls, first class Restaurants, Park, coffee shops and bars are located. * Because of its potential to be one of the center of activities, Mayor Bing transformed this place into a Huge party arena. It is now called as the Festival Strip during Masskara and Bacolaodiat festivals for 2 years now. * During festival season, the road is totally blocked (from 4th st. all the way to Ramos intersection.) Bars and Restaurants are placing tables and chairs on the street, Bandstands are everywhere, Party lights in every corners and people are simply enjoying. * Party starts at 7pm and ends in the wee hours of the morning. Who would have thought that Lacson street would come this far? I actually never thought it will be a hit until i went there and partied with my friends during the electric masskara which happened last October. * The atmosphere is so festive, police are everywhere which makes the place more safe. It was totally awesome and worth for an experience. LA SALLE AVENUE: * The University of St. La Salle (USLS), located in La Salle Avenue, Bacolod City, Philippines, is a Catholic private university run by the De La Salle Brothers. Established in 1952 as La Salle College Bacolod, it is the second oldest campus originally founded by the congregation in the country.The university is a member of De La Salle Philippines, a network established in 2006 comprising 17 Lasallian institutions in the country. * USLS was founded by Br. Dennis Ruland FSC, Br. Hugh Wester FSC, and Br. V. Felix Masson FSC. La Salle College-Bacolod opened with 175 male students from Prep to Grade 5, under seven faculty members. The school building was unimpressive, built amidst sprawling muddy grounds and borded by cane fields of adjoining lands. * In the 1960s La Salle College-Bacolod expanded from Grade School to College. This was made possible through donations by alumni, parents and benefactors. The school became co-educational in 1966. On July 5, 1988, La Salle College-Bacolod was formally elevated to university status and christened University of St. La Salle during rites graced by then Honorable Secretary of Education Lourdes Quisumbing. CINCO DE NOVIEMBRE: * IT WAS a tour-de-force performance as sugarcane ‘trabajadores’ and ‘hacendados’ played their roles for one day only as members of the Negros Revolutionary Movement. The ‘hacendados’ promoted themselves (or were told) to become captains of the army. The ‘obreros’ were excited (because of their devotion to the landlords) to act as soldiers. * There was also the obligatory dose of cheesy humor and wisecracks because the soldiers trained in the cane fields were only armed with bolos and spears. Some of the ‘hacendados’ managed to ride on their own horse. The adventurous few had their carabaos as if going to a royal tournament. Some references mentioned Nicolas Golez, Leandro Rama Locsin, Timoteo Unson, Melecio Severino and Vicente GamboayBenedicto as the potent leaders of Silay revolution. * The preparation had a cocktail of ornate finesse because the lords of the haciendas put on their gallant uniform like swaggering sword-wielding stars. The most important characters were the ‘jornaleros’ who gave their iconic cinematic hugs to their wives and parents as if they would be facing dramatic imminent doom in their attack at the garrison of the Spaniards. My creative amalgamation takes an egalitarian stand as I picture out hundreds of Silaynons in assault formation in front of Farmacia Locsin owned by Leandro Locsin (now, the Cinco de Noviembre Marker). * Melecio Severino and Nicolas Golez could have followed the advice of Sun Tzu in his book The Art of War. â€Å"In war, the general receives his commands from the sovereign, collects his army and concentrates his forces. . . . If we wish to wrest an advantage from the enemy, we must not fix our minds on that alone, but allow for the possibility of the enemy also doing some harm to us, and let this enter as a factor into our calculations.† * The basest instincts were at their best and the nationalistic Silaynons enthusiastically marched towards the Spanish garrison while chanting ‘Binangon,’ the hymn of the Negros revolution written by Kabayao of Sagay. Silaynons could be heroes after death but it was not a biopic where they were thinking of their lives as heroes after the historic surge. That could also be their grandest, nuttiest scheme yet. Silaynons were out to prove that they got nuts. As fighters for freedom, our ancestors were visionaries, dreamers, people who would consider victory in another shape. * The agony for the Spaniards did not last long. The rickety old garrison was already surrounded with a lavish cast prepared for a high-octane scene and the few civil guards inside under the command of Lt. Maximiano Correa had no way to avert disaster. Juan Viaplana, a local Spaniard and ‘empresario’, explained to Correa that the only way to stay alive was to surrender peacefully. * That was it, but the agreement papers mentioned that the civil guards gave up only after a heroic resistance against overwhelming odds. There was a bloody man-to-man combat and the civil guards stood their ground with Correa. That was nefarious and the dull, plodding scene of what could have been the ‘First Bloodless Revolution’ in Philippine history was made popcorn to save Spanish honor. November 5, 1898; Saturday. Before the day ended, The Philippine flag made by Olympia Severino, Eutropia Yorac and Perpetua Severino was raised for the first time at Silay plaza. The one-day revolution flows with a vibrant kinetic energy loaded with high-speed maneuvers. It ended like a Silay piaya—crisp outside, sweet inside. Happy Negros Day! OLD CITY HALL: * Bacolod City, situated on the northwestern part of the island of Negros, is bounded by the Guimaras Strait on the west, the municipality of Talisay on the north, the municipality of Murcia on the east, and Bago City on the South. * The City has land area of 156.1 kilometers. In 1970, it had a population of 187,300. It has a cool invigorating climate with abundant rainfall. The majority of the people speak Ilonggo and the rest speak Cebuano. * Bacolod, the Sugar City in the Philippines, is one of the most progressive and elite cities in the country. Along its highway, sugarcane plantation is a typical scene; coconut and rice are also grown. The people are engaged in livestock, fishing and pottery. * Bacolod was derived from the Ilonggo word bakolod meaning stonehill since the settlement was founded in 1770 on a stonehill area, now the district of Granada and the former site of the Bacolod Murcia Milling Company. * Due to the Muslin raids in 1787, Bacolod was transferred towards the shorline. The old site was called Da-an Banwa, meaning old town. * In 1894, by order of Governor General Claveria, through Negros Island Governor Manuel Valdeviseo Morquecho, Bacolod was made the capital of the Province of Negros. Bernardino de los Santos became the first gobernadorcillo and Fray Julian Gonzaga the first parish priest. * The succes of the revolution in Bacolod was attributed to the low morale of the local Spanish detahcment-due to its defeat in Panay and Luzon and to the psychological warfare of Generals Aniceto Lacson and Juan Araneta. In 1897, a battle in Bacolod was fought in Matab-ang River. * A year later, on November 5, 1898, the Negrense Revolucionarios, armed with knives, bolos, spears, and rifle-like nipa stems, and pieces of sawali mounted in carts, captured the convento where Coronel de Castro y Cisneros, well-armed casadores and platoons of civil guards, surrendered. * Two days later, on the 17th, most of the revolutionary army gathered together to establish a Provisional Junta and to confirm the elections of Aniceto Lacson as president, Juan Araneta as war-delegate, as well as the other officials. * On March 1899, the American forces led by Colonel James G. Smith occupied Bacolod, the revolutionary capital of the Provisional Republic of Negros. * Bacolod City was occupied by the Japanese forces on May 21, 1942. Three years after, it was liberated by the American forces on May 29, 1945. * By virtue of Commonwealth Act No. 326, enacted by the National Assembly, the City of Bacolod was created on June 18, 1938. NEGROS NIGHT LIFE: Bacolod Nightlife * Are you planning a visit to Bacolod City and wondering what to do for fun at night in Bacolod? Participating in the local nightlife scene can be a lot of fun when you travel to a new city, but figuring out where the locals go isnt always easy. Here are 5 of the best Bacolod nightlife options for you to consider. Bacolod locals enjoy these top nightlife activities and if youre here for a visit, you will too! 1. Begin with a drink and dinner at one of Bacolods restaurants. Because so many people live and work right in the city, Bacolod restaurants are a big part of the Bacolod nightlife scene and tend to be full every night of the week. 2. Spend part of your evening at one of the many Bacolod comedy club. Youll have your choice of stand-up, improv, ensembles, open mic, and other formats. You can also find national headliners as well as local talent. 3. Or, spend the evening at the movies. In addition to a few theaters that show first-run movies such as the SM Cinema, youll find lots of other theaters and other venues for watching foreign language, indie, classic, experimental, and other film genres. 5. Stop by one of the many Bacolod bars. If youre interested in exploring Bacolod nightlife, youll probably end up in one (or more) of our popular bars, where a lot of Bacolod locals have fun at night in the city. 6. End your evening at one of Bacolods disco clubs Where do you go toward the end of the evening? Thats easy a Bacolod disco club. Bacolod has a wide range of choices from casual to dress, all featuring DJs and every kind of music that you can imagine. Most of these popular Bacolod nightlife spots get going around 10pm and then close at 2am after last call. RAMOS DIZON MUSEUM: * Housed in the ancestral home of Raymundo L. Dizon and Hermelinda V. Ramos, the Dizon-Ramos Museum is one of the many reasons you will visit Bacolod, Philippines. It was constructed in 1950 and shows the architecture of after-war Bacolod. The house is a blend of modern and neo-classic which makes anyone appreciate its past. The visitors get a sense of how upper-middle class lived in Bacolod in the 1950s. * In 2007, the house of Ramos and Dizon was converted into a museum, thus the name Dizon-Ramos Museum, a year after Hermelinda meet her creator. The museum was blessed andinaugurated on August 15, 2007. Among the artifacts deemed worthy to preserve for posterity are immense collections of naff ceramics, glassware, and religious knick-knacks. The first floor of the museum comprises of the Main Exhibit Hall which boasts a collection of a hundred pictorial reproductions which tried tocaptivate the rich history of Bacolod City and the prominent family, the Dizon-Ramos. Some of the photographs were taken in 1937 when Raymundo, also known as â€Å"Munding† and Hermelinda, also known as â€Å"Ermy† were wed. The photographs are ordered chronologically by decades, thus giving the visitors a coup d’oeil into the city’s baronial past and their family. There are three bedrooms on the left side of the house. It contains some memorabilia of the family. PANAAD PARK AND STEDIUM: * The Panaad Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium located inside the Panaad Park and Sports Complex in Bacolod, Philippines. Owned by theNegros Occidental provincial government, it is used for football matches, and is the adopted home of the Philippines national football team. * It played host to football at the 2005 Southeast Asian Games and was later the venue of the qualifiers of the 2007 ASEAN Football Championship or ASEAN Cup, in which the Philippines, Cambodia, Timor Leste, Brunei and Laos participated. The stadium has a seating capacity of 15,500 at the bleachers, but holds approximately 20,000 people with standing areas. * Aside from the football field, the stadium features a rubberized track, and the Sports Complex features an Olympic-size swimming pool, basketball court and other sports facilities. Surrounding these structures are cabanas. * The stadium is also the home of Panaad sa Negros Festival, a week-long celebration participated in by all cities and municipalities in the province held annually during the summer. The festival is highlighted by merry-making and field demonstrations at the stadium. The stadium itself features replicas of the landmarks of the thirteen cities and municipalities of Negros Occidental. * The stadium was recently considered to host the semifinal matches of the 2010 AFF Suzuki Cupbetween the Philippines and Indonesia, but was disqualified for not satisfying the standards of theASEAN Football Federation. On February 9, 2011, the stadium hosted a match between thePhilippines national football team and Mongolia in the 2012 AFC Challenge Cup qualification with an attendance of 20,000 people. CAPITOL SHOPPING AREA: * The Bacolod Capitol Shopping Center is known as the Chinatown of Bacolod City because of the numerous Chinese business establishments in the area. Perhaps, only a few Bacolodnons, especially the younger generations, knew that it is a tragedy which gave birth to Shopping. * In 1955, a big fire gutted the area bounded by Araneta, Gonzaga, Locsin and Luzuriaga which is growing commercial center where most Chinese business establishments were located. The business establishments also doubled as residents so these Chinese were also displaced because of the fire. * Alfredo Montelibano Sr. saw an opportunity to attract the displaced Chinese businessmen so he developed the 27-hectare property north of Bacolod which gave way to the Capitol Shopping Center. Mr. Montelibano also donated a half-hectare property to the Bacolod Chinese Catholic Association where Hua Ming School and church are now located. * The Montelibano family has already transformed what used to be cogonland into Villamonte Subdivision and the upscale Capitolville Subdivision. During the time that the Capitol Shopping Center was being constructed, the exclusive boy’s school La Salle Bacolod and St. Scholastica Academy were already operating not far from Shopping. It’ not surprising then that the area became a prominent commercial center in Bacolod after its completion. * However, through the years, various business establishments re-opened in Bacolod downtown area and big malls opened in the city which took away customers from the Shopping area. Years of neglect have deteriorated most establishments in the Shopping area and even parts of the roads need to be rehabilitated. Capitol Shopping Center has lost its luster as a business center and no longer attracted investments and only a few new establishments located in the area in recent years. * In the hope of reviving the once prime commercial district, Bacolod City Mayor Bing Leonardia recently signed City Ordinance no. 576 naming the Capitol Shopping Center as the Bacolod City Chinatown. * The ordinance was authored by Councilor Dindo Ramos and co-authored by Councilor Em Ang stipulated that the city government will appropriate at least P15 million initial funding for the improvement of the infrastructure such as the welcome arch, greening and landscaping as well as road concreting. * The city government, through theordinance, hoped to attract investors by returning up to 70% of the cost of a project that will be put up at the Chinatown Center in the form of tax credits spread over five years. * The revival of the Capitol Shopping as the Bacolod Chinatown was lauded by the Filipino-Chinese Community since the Chinatown has been an important economic, cultural and spiritual hub for the Filipino-Chinese in Bacolod City. * Just like the way the Filipino-Chinese has risen from the ashes of the great fire of 1955, the renewal of interest in the Bacolod Chinatown Center will hopefully give way to the rebirth of the once robust business center.

History Of The Original Lincoln Essay -- essays research papers fc

In 1858, there was a great struggle within the state of Illinois for a seat in the Senate. The well know Stephen A. Douglas, the favored candidate, was excepted to win. Abraham Lincoln was not a well known candidate. In a struggle for the possible position, Lincoln proposed that he and Douglas organize a series of debates, so that both men might â€Å"divide time, and address the same audiences during the same canvass.† Douglas accepted, and he feared that he had â€Å"everything to lose from a joint appearance, and yet to decline the challenge would have seemed unmanly in the West of the mid nineteenth century.† Douglas then purposed dates and places; Lincoln complained that Douglas would have four opening and closings speeches whereas he would have only three, he wrote â€Å"I accede, and thus close the arrangement.† The first of seven debates was on Saturday, August 21, 1858 at Ottawa, which started an important part of the history of the United States of Amer ica, the Lincoln-Douglas debates.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Ottawa debate set the format for the remaining six debates. Lincoln and Douglas agreed that the first speaker would speak for an hour, the second speaker for an hour and a half, and the first speaker again for half an hour. On August 21, excitement was in the air. The town’s population of over 7,000 doubled overnight. At 2:30 p.m. Douglas began speaking and the battle was on! The Little Giant, Douglas, displayed the art that marked him as the master â€Å"stump-speaker† of his day. He first criticized Lincoln’s background and political history. He talked about Black inferiority, and the social as well as political dangers of freeing Blacks.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The highlight of his speech was the surprising argument he threw at Lincoln in the form of the Springfield Resolutions of 1854. Douglas quoted the radical â€Å"Codding† and declared that Lincoln joined with abolitionists Giddings, Chase, Fred Douglass, and â€Å"Parson† Lovejoy had constructed this platform for the new Black Republican Party of Illinois. Douglas became so engrossed in the speech he had to be reminded of his time limit. When Lincoln replied, he had no choice but to defend himself against the accusations. As Lincoln continued to debate, he displayed his ability as a rough-and-tumble debater, which had caused Douglas to say that he would have his hands full with Old Abe. He refute... ...ssures were driving North and South further apart. Both candidates were masters at selecting effective arguments from all the possibilities, making the most of the arguments they picked. And yet they were aware of what they said because they did not want to incriminate themselves. The debates marked a turning point for the nation. Within three years it would undergo a bloody test of its ideals. Its subsequent history would be a struggle to bring to fruition the decision reached on the field of battle. BIBLIOGRAPHY Angle, Paul, Created Equal? (The University of Chicago Press, 1958) Fehrenbacher, Don, Abraham Lincoln Speeches and Writings 1832-1858, (New York, Literary Classics of the United States, 1989) Heckman, Richard, Lincoln vs. Douglas, (Washington D.C., Public Affairs Press, 1967) Holzer, Harold, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, (New York, HarperCollins Publishers, 1993) Jahannson, Robert, The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, (New York, Oxford University Press, 1965) Sigelschiffer, Saul, The American Conscience the Drama of the Lincoln- Douglas Debates, (New York, Horizon Press, 1973) Zarefsky, David, Lincoln Douglas and Slavery, (University of Chicago, 1990)

Global Warming: Causes and Effects Essay

This is a situation where there is a pronounced relative increase in the average temperature on the surface of the earth alongside with the core ocean body temperature. The occurrence was noted about the middle of 20th century with grave progression of economic and geographical impacts on the universe. Introduction Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC, projects that the global warming will continue to increase at such an unprecedented rate with unabated majority due to human causes. There is already rising level of sea water, the glacial withdrawal, and arctic spatial reduction. The altered pattern of agricultural practice is one of the implicated consequences of human acts. Ranges of direct effect cut across weather active events, health implications, disruptions of primary or secondary concession of the ecosystem, and finally, the economic disaster. Concerned bodies all over the world are seriously moving towards reversing the human derived natural disaster characterized of the effects of global warming. With increase in industrialization and world development and latent effect deposited by already released causative gases, global warming is envisaged to be further aggravated with an average temperature change from 1. 10C of the mid-20th century to 6. 40C towards the middle of 21st century. The Causes of Global Warming Minimum of thirty scientific researchers in academic fields through the submissions of IPCC endorsed the following as direct and indirect causes of green house effect. A larger percentage is caused by atmospheric presence of greenhouse gases like carbon IV oxide, water vapor retention in the atmosphere, methane and ozone layer depletion. These gases are collectively called – â€Å"anthropogenic gases†. Other industrial releases are oxides of nitrogen, sulphur floride compounds, hydrofluorocarbons, per fluorocarbons, and chlorine containing fluorocarbons. Unregulated open ground burning of fossil fuels for industrial use and others results in exhaust of large amount of carbon IV oxide into the atmosphere. Crude petroleum refining, natural gas crystallization, coal burning, and products from Cement Company are implicated. In pre-developmental era, occurrence of global warming is traced to natural sources which include the release of solar emissions following natural disasters; volcanic eruptions, earth quaking, magma accumulation et cetera (Hegerl, 2007) The Effects of Global Warming The gaseous accumulation of greenhouse gases above the earth surface causes retention of reflecting sun rays from the ground. Sun rays contain component that produce heating effect (ultraviolet rays), hence basal temperature will rise from 3-50C about century to come. This is fatal to life. The temperature rise causes latent heat expansion of the ocean leading to increase in normal volume by about 20 meters. It can lead to change in weather seasonal pattern with predominance of drought, low rainfall, leading to famine and low industrial energy input and output. Also, there would be increased spread of epidemic plagues and other communicable diseases in an unprecedented manner. There is death of aquatic life leading to water pollution, spread of water-borne diseases, and malnutrition. There would be economic regression with insurance industries at larger risk because the resulting natural disasters present insurers with evident claim for rebuilding. Continent like Africa stands the greatest economic risk because about 70% of the population relies on Farming. Carbon dioxide and other gaseous retention are toxic to plant. Other economic implication entails increase in transportation maintenance, massive migration from glacial shift, flooding which disturb normal economic of some developing countries that base at the sea bank. Outline and Draft The Cause and Effect of Global Warming 1. Definition of Global Warming: i. Increase in average basal land and sea’s temperature 2. Introduction i. IPCC projects worsen situation with aggravation if anthropogenic course is not reversed with 1. 10C to 6. 40C temp. rise towards the mid-21st century. ii. Global warming exist prior to developmental era, during developmental and at development age in connection with interwoven reasons. Developed countries stand the greatest risk of exposure to causative gases. 3. The Causes of Global Warming i. â€Å"Anthrogenic gases† such as oxides of nitrogen, sulphur floride compounds, hydrofluorocarbons, per fluorocarbons, and carbon IV oxide ii. Poor control of energy generation from natural resources: natural gas, coal fossil fuels, petroleum, and Cement. iii. Radioactive or solar radiations from natural disaster contribute to the cause of global warming. 4. The Effects of Global Warming i. Basal temperature rise projection from 30C to 50C about century to come. The temperature rise causes latent heat expansion of the ocean leading to increase in normal volume by about 20 meters. There is death of aquatic life leading to water pollution, spread of water-borne diseases, and malnutrition. ii. Prevalence of drought, low rainfall, famine and low industrial energy input and output. Also, increase spread of epidemic plagues and other communicable diseases in an unprecedented rate. iii. There would be economic regression with insurance industries at larger risk. Africa stands the greatest economic risk because of Farming. Increase in cost of transportation maintenance, immigration and emigration from glacial shift. References Hegerl, Gabriele C. ; et al. (2007). â€Å"Understanding and Attributing Climate Change† (PDF). Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change 690. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Retrie